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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }} | admin_center_type = Headquarters | admin_center = Marlborough House, London, United Kingdom | languages_type = Official language | languages = English | leader_title1 = Head | leader_name1 = Queen Elizabeth II | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = Kamalesh Sharma | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = Joseph Muscat | established_event1 = | established_date1 = 19 November 1926 | established_event2 = | established_date2 = 11 December 1931 | established_event3 = | established_date3 = 28 April 1949 | area_km2 = 29,958,050 | area_sq_mi = 11,566,870 | area_rank = 1st | population_estimate = 2.328 billion | population_estimate_year = 2013 | population_density_km2 = 75 | population_density_sq_mi = 194 | GDP_PPP = $14.623 trillion | GDP_PPP_year = 2014 | GDP_PPP_rank = 2nd | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $6,222 | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 116th | GDP_nominal = $10.450 trillion | GDP_nominal_year = 2014 | GDP_nominal_rank = 2nd | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $4,446 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 132nd | official_website = | footnotes = Note: Rankings exclude the member states. }} The Commonwealth of Nations,〔The London Declaration 1949: “free and equal members of the Commonwealth of Nations, freely co-operating in the pursuit of peace, liberty and progress”.〕 commonly known as the Commonwealth (formerly the British Commonwealth),〔(Profile: The Commonwealth ) BBC News, 1 February 2012.〕 is an intergovernmental organisation of 53 member states that were mostly territories of the former British Empire.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About us )〕 The Commonwealth operates by intergovernmental consensus of the member states, organised through the Commonwealth Secretariat and Non-governmental organisations, organised through the Commonwealth Foundation.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Commonwealth )〕 The Commonwealth dates back to the mid 20th century with the decolonisation of the British Empire through increased self-governance of its territories. It was formally constituted by the London Declaration in 1949, which established the member states as "free and equal".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The London Declaration )〕 The symbol of this free association is Queen Elizabeth II who is the Head of the Commonwealth. The Queen is also the monarch of 16 members of the Commonwealth, known as ''Commonwealth realms''. The other members of the Commonwealth have different persons as head of state: 32 members are republics and five members are monarchies with a different monarch. Member states have no legal obligation to one another. Instead, they are united by language, history, culture and their shared values of democracy, human rights, and the rule of law.〔 These values are enshrined in the Commonwealth Charter〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Charter of the Commonwealth )〕 and promoted by the quadrennial Commonwealth Games. On 3 October 2013, after 48 years of membership, Gambia became the most recent nation to withdraw from the Commonwealth. The Commonwealth covers more than , almost a quarter of the world land area and spans all the continents. With an estimated population of 2.328 billion, near a third of the world population, the Commonwealth in 2014 produced a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of $10.45 trillion, representing 17% of the gross world product when measured in purchasing power parity (PPP) and 14% of the gross world product when measured nominally. ==History== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Commonwealth of Nations」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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